Premarital Sex And Promiscuity Theories

Premarital Sex And Promiscuity Theories This essay will be discussing the topic of promiscuity and premarital sex from both Ellistons and Punzos theories. According to Punzo on Premarital sex, it is for two people to have engaged in a sexual contact/intercourse without having the full commitment but on the other hand, promiscuity according to Elliston it is to have sex with many different people without having any commitment. When comparing both, Punzo is seen as the conservative while Elliston is seen as supporting casual sex. Punzos theory is when two people are together having sex they both must be engaged in a deep commitment between the two people. On the other hand, Elliston is arguing that sexual intercourse doesnt require any thoughts or strong consideration with any commitments since it is not that big of a deal. According to Elliston promiscuity is seen as free love, where you can just meet someone and starting to fall in love with them. With this definition, it might be easier for some to understand it, as having freedom. It can also be recognized as having recreational sex, having sex just for fun. When the word fun comes with anything, it will be seen as attractive and easy going. Elliston has created a definition himself that better defined promiscuity. Promiscuity is defined as sex with a series of other adults not directly related through marriage and with no commitments; no promises of affection, sexual exclusivity in future (Elliston 144). Elliston also stated that for those who just want to get others in bed to have sex by lying, exploiting, and deceiving or something close to it are wrong. It is seen as wrong because it breaches the ethical principles that we all learned as a child, which is not to lie. When someone is lying about everything just because they are trying to get someone in bed to have sex with them, it is seen as very unethical. Promiscuity is seen as to the advantage of males and to the disadvantage of females because it is true that males do not have anything to lose while females will lose their virginity and at times their love. It has become exploitive; woman would get social blame but man would get sexual satisfaction. Promiscuity is not actually wrong but it is the double standard that is in places where woman is at a disadvantage in comparison to man. Promiscuity can not be defined as wrong all the time; the charges that it necessarily violates generally accepted a moral principle is false. (E lliston 146). Elliston is saying that the double standard that should be remove but not the promiscuity, since it is always seen as a disadvantage for woman. The female involved might not feel the same as to being cheated or being used for the man to have their sexual satisfaction but it might be the woman who is using the man to satisfy herself. Sex is just a body language in the form of body interaction between the two people that are willing to interact and it leads to pleasure. It also has a deep meaning behind it. According o Elliston, sex is more than thrusts and moans, caresses and sighsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦just as verbal language has a dimension of meaning beyond phonemes and morphemes, so body language has a significance beyond the intertwining of two bodiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Promiscuity has instrumental value in that it can facilitate the mastery of one kind of body languageà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦sexual body language is learned through sexual interactionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦experiences enable an individual to develop a repertoire of gestures for communicating desire and affection and of decisive movements that clearly state intentions of love or amusement. People can be moved not only by the things we say but also by the things we do-with them, for them, or to themà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦desire and satisfaction can be communicated not only through verbal exchanges, but also through a lingering look and an appreciative caress. To a shattered ego a physical embrace may express far more reassurance than its verbal counterparts, and a kiss may convey desire more eloquently than pleas or poemsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦The observance of this etiquette is an acknowledgement of the selfhood of the other. The acquisition of it is one of the opportunities promiscuity provides(Elliston 149). Based on this quote, Elliston is saying sex is a part of body language and the more you practice it the better you will get. The skills that you get from promiscuity will wider range of people outside of marriage or committed-relationships. Usually a married couple would be seen as only one man is allow to have dinner with one woman, which is referring to only having sex with the partner and that is it, third party is not acceptable (traditionally). Elliston sees having sex with one person at first before you decide to love that person or not. Pretty much he i s saying having sex first will be a pre-stage of trying out whether the persons sexual skill or chemistry from sexual intercourse will help you decide to love this person or not. Therefore Elliston is arguing that promiscuity should be allow and should not be seen as wrong because it is something for the two to try out and see if the chemistry is there. In Punzos view, sex before marriage or even having sex with no commitment is seen as wrong. Punzo has answered the question of is having pre-martial sex without any commitment wrong, with using Wilsons theory of sexual intercourse to compare it with playing tennis and Chessers theory of two people going to see movies together. Both Wilson and Chesser see it normal and there is nothing morally wrong about having pre-marital sex. At the same time, Punzo has disagreed with both of them stating that going to the movies or playing tennis with many people are just some general activities which anyone can encounter, but it does not necessary have to be the one you would have sex with, or have any sexual interest with. In Punzos view, sexual intercourse must be between two committed people, so having sex without any sort of commitment is wrong. Punzo states that commitment is a must before sex, as one must agree to commit to a relationship before they can move on to a new level in their rela tionship, through having sex, the two gives themselves to each other in the way of trust, expressing ones mind, and feelings through the most intimate activity, sexual intercourse. Punzo see Ellistons argument between sex and dinning is a wrong example because dinning and sex are two different things, it is in an extreme that it has nothing to do with each other, dinning and sex has no connection at all. Dinning can be with any friends, or family members, and it does not involve any sexual contacts. Yes, dinning can be with your spouse, partner but it can also be with someone else. Both eating and sex do give people satisfaction, but they are totally different from each other. Food is a need for people to survive but people can live with out sex. Ellistons theory is to have sexual intercourse with as many people as you can before falling in love, but Punzos theory is to be in love or have the necessary commitment before having sexual intercourse. The moral perspectives of both are totally different from each other. This is why Punzo would not agree with Elliston and vice versa. Ellistons argument has a defect to it, it is having sex with a number of people does not only increase the skills of ones sexual ability, but it also limits the important value of having the most intimate relationship with the other through sexual intercourse. I believe we all know that having sex with the one we love is the most loving and special feeling of being complete as a whole. If one is engaged in a sexual activity with many other people and then stated that the one is now in love with their partner is not a rational theory, but it is also very confusing and unreasonable that promiscuity does not damage a committed relationship. Having sex without any commitment, and isolate oneself with uncommitted sex is a view that may not be true. They can have sex without any commitment but they might realize more about themselves. It doesnt mean they are isolating themselves just because they do not involve in a committed relationship. Punzos full commitment does not have a clear defi nition, does it mean to be in a legal marriage with legal documents, and so if the two are just common-law couple then does that mean they are not legal? Punzo should have clear that term and have a better explanation of it. With the mutual understanding and respects towards each other with pre-martial sex, it is not going to affect the two negatively. It would not be harm if pre-martial sex will lead the two into commitment and onto future commitment, it would become a good thing. If pre-martial sex is happening then protection is needed to prevent any unexpected or unwanted pregnancy. In conclusion, both Punzo and Elliston has their pros and cons. Premarital sex should follow Punzos theory of sex, and they must involve commitment, but not with full commitment. Punzo did not clarify what full commitment means, if it meant at the stage of being legally married, then those who are only engaged or soon to be marry couples should not be having any sexual interactions. Also promiscuity must be permitted only if no one is being hurt and lie to as a result of promiscuity. It is true that Ellistons argument of double standard needs to be remove because it is only seen as woman being the one that are at a disadvantage, but sometimes it is not the case, woman would be out to lie to man just to get money or any material that need from the man. Therefore double standard should be remove but not promiscuity. Also promiscuity is a good way to practice ones sexual skills and ability in the bed, it is true to the term practice makes prefect, it would suit this practice of promisc uity closely.

Lady Macbeth, an honoured hostess and a fiend-like Queen Essay

The audience witness a total transformation of Lady Macbeth from a powerful, scheming woman to a sad and lonely wretch. By the end of this tragedy she has nothing to live for, is riddled with guilt and has lost all sanity. At the opening of the play the audience see how fervent her hunger for power and status is when she summons evil spirits; â€Å"Fill me from the crown to the toe top-full of the direst cruelty;† (Act One, Scene 5, lines 40-41). This statement displays Lady Macbeth’s character deeply nefarious, it would perturb the superstitions of the Christian spectators. The audience might also perceive her to be disturbed as in that same soliloquy she asks the spirits to, â€Å"Make thick my blood,† At the time that the play was written thick blood was associated with illness and derangement. It would have been most horrific for the audience to listen to the character persisting that she did not want to be womanly, especially for someone of her status is society. Pronouncing that she wished to be unsexed and that she wanted the spirits to â€Å"Come to my woman’s breasts, and take my milk for gall,† would outrage their perfervid Christian views as women were supposed to be maternal and loving whereas she uses the oxymoron to intensify her wish to become corrupt and inhuman. Immediately after she calls the spirits, Shakespeare returns Macbeth to the stage, scheduling his wife the ideal time to discuss her plan. Lady Macbeth begins to instruct him as she says, â€Å"Look like th’ innocent flower, but be the serpent under’t.† She uses this metaphor to reassure her husband and make known to him that others won’t realise he’d be doing anything wrong but at the same time urging him to commit the deed,ergo underlining the way in which it is her evil inventions which will destroy Duncan. The Shakespearean audience would be very disturbed to witness such wicked schemes emanating from a female character; women were particularly governed by society’s expectations and considered to be the fairer, gentler sex, leaving political machinations to their male counterparts. Along with manipulating Macbeth into executing all of her schemes, she also is competent to cover up after him when he is vulnerable to suspicion. Without her help and guidance, Macbeth would have not been able to consummate his feats. After Macbeth’s first act in which he commits regicide by killing his dear king Duncan, he is incapable of coming to terms with his actions and returning with the weapons to Duncan’s chamber. His ever-dutiful wife finishes the task. â€Å"Give me the daggers. The sleeping and the dead are but pictures.† Her control here reveals her power and determination. We see her draw a veil over Macbeth’s behaviour again after he has taken King Duncan’s life as Macbeth makes the mistake of killing the guards, when he knows that as a soldier himself he should interrogate suspects. After Macduff attempts to question Macbeth on his reasons, Lady Macbeth faints (Act 2 Scene 3 line 112). This shows her ability to extemporise when the situation requires it. Indeed there are several occasions when Lady Macbeth steps in to avoid her husband being put under suspicion. Her role in the banquet scene after Macbeth sees Banquo’s ghost has a reason. Macbeth shows signs of weakening before the spirit of Banquo. However, Lady Macbeth shows her authority over the proceedings. She instructs all but herself and Macbeth in Act 3 Scene 4 lines 118-9 to â€Å"Stand not upon the order of your going. But go at once,† thus managing to clear their estate of all the guests who had been visiting, which would have been a difficult feat especially for a woman yet her determination impels her capable. We sporadically notice that she is not such a nefarious character, as she would like to believe. An example of her vulnerability is when she needs a drink to give her courage in order to go through with the plan for the murder of Duncan, â€Å"That which hath made them drunk hath made me bold.† If she were truly a ‘fiend’ she would feel nothing. Similarly, when she is anxious and awaiting Macbeth’s return she utters that, â€Å"Had he not resembled my father as he slept, I had done’t.† Had she been entirely evil she would have distanced herself more and be unable to draw comparisons. The decisive moment however for Lady Macbeth is when she detects that she is no longer needed. Act 3 Scene 3 lines 6-7 describe this further when she asks Macbeth, â€Å"What’s to be done?† and he proves to her that he is no longer the mere student but the master as he replies, â€Å"Be the innocent of the knowledge, dearest chuck, till thou applaud the deed.† Macbeth’s use of ‘dearest chuck’ would have been supposed to be playful however in this context would have aggravated his wife and spurred on the doubts that would have been forming in her mind. The quotation is also analogous to what Lady Macbeth had said to him in Act 1 Scene 5 about looking innocent, thus extra proof of his imitation of his wife’s influence. Lady Macbeth’s return to the action in Act 5, scene 1 is dramatic in its irony. She is a mere shadow of her former self, unable to sleep and riddled with guilt she re-enacts the role she played in Duncan’s murder, and in so doing betrays her guilt to her waiting woman and, of course, the audience. The constant washing of her hands and utterances â€Å"Out damned spot†¦ Who’d have thought the old man to have so much blood†¦Ã¢â‚¬  serve to expose her crimes, her sentiments in Act Two â€Å"A little water cleans me of this deed† are shockingly highlighted in the closing Act with poignant irony. Delirious and disturbing outbursts: â€Å"Here’s the smell of blood still; all the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this hand. Oh, oh, oh!† (Line 44-6) and her use of metaphor amplifies her acute mental torture and pain, she is a woman so construed by guilt that she loses all sanity. Lady Macbeth’s downfall, like her husband’s, is a tragic one as she ultimately dies from her terrible crime. Like Macbeth, Lady Macbeth enjoyed reputation and status as the wife of the greatest Scottish warrior, much loved and honoured by king and county. However, she is as much Macbeth, guilty of ‘vaulting ambition’ and when she succumbs to that fatal flaw she can no longer function. Indeed, so consumed by guilt, Lady Macbeth commits suicide knowing that her crimes have involved interfering with the divine right of kings. Interestingly, however, the audience see many times throughout this drama when Lady Macbeth is not so cold as she is made out to be. We know that she is not a ‘fiend’ as we see on numerous occasions her inability to carry out acts herself, act 2 Scene 2, line 13-4, â€Å"Had he not resembled my father as he slept. I had done’t.† She is unable to distance herself from the stunt and even helping to carry out the act she finds difficult as she needs help to bring the courage she needs: â€Å"That which hath made them drunk hath made me bold;† illuminating further how she has some empathy for Duncan. The audience see just how terrible an effect all the events since the witches first met Macbeth have had on her mental state as they hear how she has taken her own life in Act 5 scene 5 from Malcolm. To conclude, it is clear that Lady Macbeth begins her role as ‘honoured’; she certainly enjoys the wifely role of Scotland’s hero. However, through greed and ambition, she forfeits her reputation and status. Certainly her actions are ‘fiend-like’ but she does betray some small shreds of conscience and is therefore well aware of her choices. A totally fiendish character would not experience guilt, but Lady Macbeth goes insane simply because she knows she has been immoral and sinful. Lady Macbeth, â€Å"an honoured hostess† and â€Å"a fiend-like Queen†.

Domestic Violence And A Social Health Problem Essay

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Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre and Charles Dickens Great...

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Childhood Isolation And Its Effects On Children - 1290 Words

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Chamber’s also addresses aspects such as race, ethnic identity and gender comparing individual values to cultural customs of today’s society and the diversity of family life. This paper will mainly review pos t-divorce outcomes involving financial and social criteria controllingRead MoreThe Effects Of Time Outs And Spanking On Children1711 Words   |  7 Pagesof time-outs and spanking are a good way to correct a misbehave in children. As people know time-out is is a method use to modify undesirable and inappropriate behavior in children, such as disobedience aggression and inappropriate social behavior. Exclusion time out is usually the process in which you placed the child in a corner of a room away from any fun activities un-reinforced by social interactions. There is also isolation time out in which you remove the child from the room and send them

Stay at Home Moms vs Working Moms Free Essays

Many women have careers before they began their family. But once the first child arrives, it is time to decide whether to be a stay-at-home mom or to go back to work. There are many factors that go into this decision and it is different for every family. We will write a custom essay sample on Stay at Home Moms vs Working Moms or any similar topic only for you Order Now Making a decision to stay at home with the children or join the workforce can be a difficult process. I have been fortunate to experience being a stay-at-home mom for three years. I’ve come o realize the benefits of becoming a stay-at-home mom versus a working mom is having more time with the children, less stress, and it saves financially. One of the biggest and most obvious benefits of being a stay-at-home mom is the amount of time available to spend with the children. A stay-at-home mom is assured her children are being raised in a healthy, positive environment. Stay-at-home moms can expect fewer doctor bills, some children don’t come in contact with as many viruses and bacteria at home than at a daycare. If they do get a cold or the flu, the parent at home does not have to scramble to find care or ask for a day off of work. They are already at home with the child. Mothers at home have their busy days, but also have days where they spend time doing things just for the kids. They can go to the park at a moments notice. As a stay-at-home mom, I have the time to sit with my children and read books, play with race cars, and teach them the letters of the alphabet. Some benefits of being a stay-at-home mom is the mother is able to teach and educate her children, and have more consistent discipline. By staying at home, mothers can ensure that their children have the best start in life, by giving them the love and support they need. Staying at home can mean reduced stress to a slower, less frantic pace. While the world around us is going a million miles an hour, my children’s world is calm and stable. There is no morning rush to get everyone out the door and there are no chaotic evenings where we are not sure who is going to cook supper. I can give my children the time they deserve instead of cramming in time here and there. It is true that raising children can be stressful, but mothers who stay at home have less stress upon them than the working moms. Probably one of the biggest factors helping to decide if a parent should stay at home with the children is whether it is economically feasible. In many small ways, my being at home enables us to live on less (which means we have less income). Because I am at home, I have the time to keep track of our finances month-to-month and put together a detailed shopping list which helps keep our grocery bill to a minimum. Transportation expenses also often drops for stay-at-home moms. This can also decrease the premiums of auto insurance. A benefit of staying at home has the ability to save on or even eliminate the cost of child care. One of the most easily forgotten factors is taxes will decrease with the loss of that second income. After all, the decrease in taxes is not only in terms of dollars but also in the tax bracket. A stay-at-home mom eats out less often on average. Also the amount a stay-at-home mom spends on clothing generally goes down significantly. There is little need for a stay-at home mom to constantly buy new clothing. When a mother decides to stay-at-home, she can cut the hidden cost of work funds. Stay-at-home parenting is a full time occupation and definitely not and easy one. For my husband and I, we felt that taking a more active role in our children’s care, raising them up in the things we believe, and teaching and loving them for those precious early years would be beneficial to them. The best part of staying at home is setting my own schedule and getting to do fun things with my kids. Each set of parents has an idea of how they want their children to be raised. No one can raise children the way parents want except the parents themselves. There is a special bonding and interaction that grows and takes place between parents and children when either parent is able to stay at home. Sharing everyday life with kids, seeing them growing on a daily basis and giving the love and attention the need can make both parents and kids happy. How to cite Stay at Home Moms vs Working Moms, Essay examples

Demand and Supply of Houses in Australia Free-Samples for Students

Questions: Discuss about the Demand and Supply of houses in Australia. Answer: Introduction The article titled RBA governor Philip Lowe only sees one way to solve Australia's housing affordability problem written by David Scutt on April 5th, 2017 shows factors influencing the demand and supply of houses in Australia. Australia is experiencing imbalances between the supply and demand of dwelling units. While the demand for houses in the main cities like Melbourne and Sydney has been increasing, the supply has not grown in response to the rising demand. As a result, the prices of houses have increased significantly making it difficult for the low and mid-income families to secure affordable homes. The demand for homes has been driven up by population influx in the cities low cost of borrowing as well as an increase in investor demand due to capital gains(Scutt 2017). The supply of homes has remained relatively constant to due underinvestment in this sector. The issues presented in this article are of interest to the government as it has come up with ways to correct the situation in the housing market to ensure that the low-income earners have access to affordable housing. Both the demand side and supply side policies have been proposed to help restore the situation. The demand side policies involve restricting tax concessions on housing and decreasing immigration levels. On the other hand, the supply plans entail the improvement of infrastructure to increase the supply of well-located lands for delivery of new homes. Economic Analysis The Demand for Houses From economic theory, we understand that prices and other factors usually influence the demand for commodities. In Australia, the demand for homes is currently determined by other factors. Foremost, major cities like Melbourne and Sydney have experienced population pressure thus increasing the demand for accommodation units. Furthermore, low cost of borrowing for homes and the provision of tax concessions have had an impact on increasing the amount of money in the economy and hence growth in demand. Increase in Demand for Houses Price Demand Increase in city population, reduced cost of borrowing and provision of tax concessions on houses has resulted in growth in demand for houses in Australia. The growth in demand is shown by the shift of the demand curve from D1 to D2. The number of housing units demanded increases to Q2. Similarly, the price of homes has increased, that is, movement from P1 to P2. Scarcity in Houses While the demand for dwelling units has been increasing, the supply of homes has not changed to respond to the rising demand. The incapability of the supply to increase has been linked to underinvestment. For example, the government is not doing enough when it comes to the development of core infrastructures such as roads, water, and sewerage. As a result, there is the inadequate provision of suitably located land to facilitate the constructions of new houses. Moreover, inadequate infrastructure increases the costs associated with the building of houses and hence low supply. The aftermath of this situation is the shortage of houses that has contributed to the rising prices hindering low-income households from securing homes. The shift in demand from D1 to D2 resulted in an increase in the number of dwelling units required. The individuals now demand Q3 housing units while the landlords can only supply Q1. Therefore, the difference between Q3 and Q1 represents a shortage of homes in Australian real estate market. Recommendations It is evident that Australia is facing housing affordability crisis. The higher price of houses is an indication of market failure in rental apartments. Therefore, government intervention is necessary to restore the worsening situation and ensure that all the citizens have equal access to affordable housing. The state needs to focus on measures that will increase the delivery of affordable dwelling apartments. Foremost, infrastructure is essential to proper operation of the housing market in any country. Better infrastructures act as an incentive for property developers to continue providing additional homes(Gurran Phibbs 2013, p. 384). The government should, therefore, develop roads, water and sewerage services and other essential social amenities in different locations to increase the availability of well-situated land for development of new rental apartments. Studies depict that poor infrastructure raises the costs of constructing new houses and the landlords usually pass the costs to the purchasers of homes through hiked prices(McLaren, Yeo Sweet 2016, p. 54). Better roads and other essential social amenities will not only reduce the cost of providing homes but also reduce the prices of houses and hence affordable to many individuals. Furthermore, financial support is a major factor that facilitates investments in a country. The government should develop measures to increase the provision of funds to the property developers. For examples, the state can reduce the interest on loans made for the construction of residential houses. Providing the required financial and regulation support to the non-governmental organizations involved in the development affordable dwellings will also help the supply of cheap houses for low-income individuals. Land laws in Australia have been known to hinder the building of new homes. The country has stringent policies on land use which make it difficult for the delivery of apartments as the compliance costs are high(Rowley, Ong Haffner 2015, p. 480). If the government relaxes some of the strict land use regulations, then more houses can be constructed. The tax concessions should be limited to reduce the investor demand that has contributed to hiked prices of dwellings. Conclusion Higher prices of homes in Australia have denied the low and mid-income persons to secure affordable homes. The incidences of homeless are going to rise, and also more people will live in substandard houses. Key public employees who cannot afford to stay in their areas of work will suffer more. Therefore, the input of the government is vital given that it has the capabilities to use both supply side and demand side policies to restore the situation. The supply side policies should incorporate the improvement of infrastructure to guarantee sustainable delivery of homes. The state can also limit the investor demand by reducing the tax concessions provided to them. Bibliography Davidson, NM 2016, Affordable housing and public-private partnerships, Routledge. Gurran, N Phibbs, P 2013, 'Housing supply and urban planning reform: the recent Australian experience, 20032012', International Journal of Housing Policy, vol 13, no. 4, pp. 381-407. McLaren, J, Yeo, A Sweet, M 2016, 'Australia is Facing a Housing Affordability Crisis: Is the Solution to this Problem the Singapore Model of Housing? ', Australasian Accounting Business Finance Journal, vol 10, no. 4, pp. 38-57. Rowley, S, Ong, R Haffner, M 2015, 'Bridging the Gap between Housing Stress and Financial Stress: The Case of Australia', Housing Studies, vol 30, no. 3, pp. 473-490. Scutt, D 2017, RBA governor Philip Lowe only sees one way to solve Australia's housing affordability problem, viewed 25th April 2017, https://www.businessinsider.com.au/lowe-housing-affordability-2017-4.